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[主观题]

Market prices may move up or down （or remain the same)in response to a host of factors cau

Market prices may move up or down (or remain the same)in response to a host of factors causing shifts in supply (the whole supply curve) or demand (the whole demand curve) or both together.

Bad weather makes prices go up--not just the prices of agricultural products, but of a great many other goods ranging from steel to nightgowns--because of interruptions in production, breakdowns in transportation, power failures, etc.

Changes in technology cause shifts in supply curves; a more efficient way of making transistors bring down the prices of calculators, computers, radios, television sets, record players, recorders. Increases in the scale of production, as we have seen, often bring down certain production prices.

Shrinking. oil and mineral reserves contract supply, and prices move up. "Diseconomies" resulting from shrinking scales of production, as when the market for handmade pocket books, horse-drawn carriage, grandfather clocks, custom tailoring, and handmade furniture contracts, push up the price of such products not only absolutely, but relatively far above what they were in the old days, when skilled labor was cheaper and more abundant.

With which of the following topics is the author primarily concerned？

A．The effects of climate on the economy.

B．The relation between market prices and technological change.

C．The effect of shifts in supply and demand on market prices.

D．The increasing cost of skilled labor.

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发布时间：2022-07-27

更多“Market prices may move up or down （or remain the same)in response to a host of factors cau”相关的问题

第1题

A market is commonly thought of as a place where commodities are bought and sold. Thus fru

it and vegetables are sold wholesale at Covent Garden Market and meat is sold wholesale at Smithfield Market. But there are markets for things 【21】______ commodities, in the usual sense. There are 【22】______ estate markets, foreign exchange markets, labor markets, short-term capital markets, and so on; there may be a market for anything which has a price. And there may be no particular place 【23】______ dealings are confined. Buyers and sellers may be 【24】______ over the whole world and instead of actually meeting together in a market-place they may deal with one another 【25】______ telephone, telegram, cable or letter. 【26】______ dealings are 【27】______ to a particular place, the dealers may consist wholly or in part of agents 【28】______ instructions from clients far away. Thus agents buy meat at Smithfield 【29】______ retail butchers all over England; and 【30】______ on the London Stock Exchange buy and sell 【31】______ on instructions from clients all over the world. We must therefore define a market 【32】______ any area over which buyers and sellers are 【33】______ such close touch with one another, either directly or 【34】______ dealers, that the prices 【35】______ in one part of the market affect the prices paid in other parts.

Modem means of communication are so rapid that a buyer can discover 【36】______ asking, and can accept it if he wishes, 【37】______ he may be thousands of miles away. Thus the market for anything is 【38】______ . the whole world. But in fact things have, normally, only a local or national market.

This may be because nearly the whole demand is concentrated 【39】______ one locality. These special local demands, 【40】______ , are of quite minor importance. The main reason why many things do not have a world market is that they are costly or difficult to transport.

【21】

A．nothing other than

B．other than

C．more than

D．less than

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第2题

Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products a

nd services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the "system" of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.

If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define "price", many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer anti the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form. of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total "package" being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.

What is the best title for the passage？

A．The Inherent Weaknesses of the Price System

B．The Complexities of the Price System

C．Credit Terms in Transactions

D．Resource Allocation and the Public Sector

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第3题

The prices will be fixed on the basis of _ world market level.

A.prevail

B.prevailing

C.prevalence

D.prevalent

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第4题

Immunization of a portfolio implies that changes in _____ will not affect the value o

f the portfolio.()

A、book value of assets

B、maturity

C、market prices

D、interest rates

E、duration

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第5题

The repricing model measures the impact of unanticipated changes in interest rates on

()

A、the market value of equity.

B、net interest income.

C、both market value of equity and net interest income.

D、the FI's capital position.

E、the prices of assets and liabilities.

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第6题

Which of the following is an important function of prices in a competitive market economy（)。

A.Ensuring an equal distribution of goods and services

B.Ensuring that resources are used in the most efficient manner

C.Ensuring that all industries will be perfectly competitive in the long run

D.Equating the marginal utilities of all goods consumed

E.Equating level of purchases with level of needs

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第7题

hey are in the face of a shrinking share of the world market, large soybean imports,

and domestic edible oil producers'()imported soybeans due to their lower prices and higher oil output.

A.turning against

B.turning to

C. turning in

D.turning into

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第8题

Trasten Co operates in an emerging market with a fast-growing economy where prices increas

e frequently.

Which of the following statements are true when using historical cost accounting compared to current value accounting in this type of market？

(1) Capital employed which is calculated using historical costs is understated compared to current value capital employed

(2) Historical cost profits are overstated in comparison to current value profits

(3) Capital employed which is calculated using historical costs is overstated compared to current value capital employed

(4) Historical cost profits are understated in comparison to current value profits

A.1 and 2

B.1 and 4

C.2 and 3

D.3 and 4

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第9题

Advertising can be thought of "as the means of making known in order to buy or se

ll goods or services". Advertising aims to increase people's awareness and arouse interest. It tries to inform. and to persuade. The media are all used to spread the message. The press offers a fairly cheap method. Magazines are used to reach special sections of the market. The cinema and commercial radio are useful for local markets. Television, although more expensive, can be very effective. Posters are fairly cheap and more permanent in their power of attraction. Other ways of increasing consumer interest are through exhibitions and trade fairs as well as direct mail advertising.There can be no doubt that the growth in advertising is one of the most striking features of the western world in this century. Many businesses such as those handling frozen foods, liquor, tobacco and patent medicines have been built up largely by advertising. We might ask whether the cost of advertising is paid for by the manufacturer or by the customer. Since advertising forms part of the cost of production, which has to be covered by the selling price, it is clear that it is the customer who pays for advertising. However, if large scale advertising leads to increased demand, production costs are reduced, and the customer paysless.It is difficult to measure exactly the influence of advertising on sales. When the market is growing, advertising helps to increase demand. When the market is shrinking, advertising may prevent a bigger fall in sales than would occur without its support. What is clear is that businesses would not pay large sums for advertising if they were not convinced of its value to them.

1.Advertising is in the main paid for by____.

A、the customer

B、the manufacturer

C、increased sales

D、reduced prices

2."Large scale" in the third paragraph means____.

A、expensive

B、well-balanced

C、extensive

D、colorful

3.According to the passage, trade fairs 1st paragraph may____.

A、replace exhibitions and markets

B、attract possible customers

C、offer fun and amusement

D、provide cheap goods

4.Advertising is often used to____.

A、deceive customers

B、increase production

C、arouse suspicion

D、push the sale

5.The word 'media' 1st paragraph refers to____.

A、the press

B、television

C、radio

D、all of the above

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第10题

The long years of food shortage in this country have suddenly given way to apparent abunda

nce. Stores and shops are choked with food. Rationing is virtually suspended, and overseas suppliers have been asked to hold back deliveries. Yet instead of joy, there is widespread uneasiness and confusion. Why do food prices keep on rising, when there seems to be so much more food about7 Is the abundance only temporary, or has it come to stay7 Does it mean that we need to think less now about producing more food at home？ No one knows what to expect.

The recent growth of export surpluses on the world food market has certainly been unexpectedly great, partly because a strange sequence of two successful grain harvests in North America is now being followed by a third. Most of Britain's overseas suppliers of meat, too, are offering more this year and home production has also risen.

But the effect of all this on the food situation in this country has been made worse by a simultaneous rise in food prices, due chiefly to the gradual cutting down of government support for food. The shops are overstocked with food net only because there is more food available, but also because people, frightened by high prices, are buying less of it.

Moreover, the rise in domestic prices has come at a time when world prices have begun to fall, with the result that imported food, with the exception of grain, is often cheaper than the home-produced variety. And now grain prices, too, are falling. Consumers are beginning to ask why they should not be enabled to benefit from this trend.

The significance of these developments is not lost on farmers. The older generations have seen it all happen before. Despite the present price and market guarantees, farmers fear they are about to be squeezed between cheap food imports and a shrinking home market. Present production is running at 51 per cent above pre-war levels, and the government has called for an expansion to 60 per cent by 1956; but repeated Ministerial advice is carrying little weight and the expansion program is not working very well.

Why is there "wide-spread uneasiness and confusion" about the food situation in Britain？

A．Despite the abundance, food prices keep rising.

B．The abundant food supply is not expected to last.

C．Britain will cut back on its production of food.

D．Britain is importing less food.

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