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The Biscuits division （Division B) and the Cakes division （Division C) are two divisions o

The Biscuits division (Division B) and the Cakes division (Division C) are two divisions of a large, manufacturing company. Whilst both divisions operate in almost identical markets, each division operates separately as an investment centre. Each month, operating statements must be prepared by each division and these are used as a basis for performance measurement for the divisions.

Last month, senior management decided to recharge head office costs to the divisions. Consequently, each division is now going to be required to deduct a share of head office costs in its operating statement before arriving at ‘net profit’, which is then used to calculate return on investment (ROI). Prior to this, ROI has been calculated using controllable profit only. The company’s target ROI, however, remains unchanged at 20% per annum. For each of the last three months, Divisions B and C have maintained ROIs of 22% per annum and 23% per annum respectively, resulting in healthy bonuses being awarded to staff. The company has a cost of capital of 10%.

The budgeted operating statement for the month of July is shown below:

The Biscuits division （Division B) and the Cakes d

Required

(a) Calculate the expected annualised Return on Investment (ROI) using the new method as preferred by senior management, based on the above budgeted operating statements, for each of the divisions. (2 marks)

(b) The divisional managing directors are unhappy about the results produced by your calculations in (a) and have heard that a performance measure called ‘residual income’ may provide more information. Calculate the annualised residual income (RI) for each of the divisions, based on the net profit figures for the month of July. (3 marks)

(c) Discuss the expected performance of each of the two divisions, using both ROI and RI, and making any additional calculations deemed necessary. Conclude as to whether, in your opinion, the two divisions have performed well. (6 marks)

(d) Division B has now been offered an immediate opportunity to invest in new machinery at a cost of $2·12 million. The machinery is expected to have a useful economic life of four years, after which it could be sold for $200,000. Division B’s policy is to depreciate all of its machinery on a straight-line basis over the life of the asset. The machinery would be expected to expand Division B’s production capacity, resulting in an 8·5% increase in contribution per month.

Recalculate Division B’s expected annualised ROI and annualised RI, based on July’s budgeted operating statement after adjusting for the investment. State whether the managing director will be making a decision that is in the best interests of the company as a whole if ROI is used as the basis of the decision. (5 marks)

(e) Explain any behavioural problems that will result if the company’s senior management insist on using solely ROI, based on net profit rather than controllable profit, to assess divisional performance and reward staff. (4 marks)

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发布时间：2022-07-27
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更多“The Biscuits division （Division B) and the Cakes division （Division C) are two divisions o”相关的问题

第1题

On short haul flights lasting up to 2 hours, there are simple snacks such as sandwiches, biscuits and（）.

A.nuts

B.beef

C.pork

D.chicken

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第2题

听力原文：It is said that the public and Congressional concern about deceptive packaging ru

听力原文： It is said that the public and Congressional concern about deceptive packaging rumpus started because Senator Hart discovered that the boxes of cereals consumed by him, Mrs. Hart, and their children were becoming higher and narrower, with a decline of net weight from 12 to 10.5 ounces, without any reduction in price. There were still twelve biscuits, but they had been reduced in size. Later, the senator rightly complained of a store bought pie in a handsomely illustrated box that pictured, in a single slice, almost as many cherries as there were in the whole pie.

The manufacturer who increases the unit price of his product by changing his package size to lower the quantity delivered can, without undue hardship, put his product into boxes, bags, and tins that will contain even 4-ounce, 8-ounce, one-pound, two-pound quantities of breakfast foods, cake mixes, etc. A study of drug store and supermarket shelves will convince any observer that all possible size and shapes of boxes, jars, bottles, and tins are in use at the same time and, as the package journals show, week by week, there is never any hesitation in introducing a new size and shape of box or bottle when it aids in product differentiation. The producers of packaged products argue strongly against changing sizes of packages to contain even weights and volumes, but no one in the trade comments unfavourably on the huge costs incurred by endless changes of package sizes, materials, shape, art work, and net weights that are used for improving a product's market position.

When a packaging expert explained that he was able to multiply the price of hard sweets by 2.5, from 1 dollar to 2.5 dollars by changing to a fancy jar, or that he had made a 5-ounce bottle look as though it held 8 ounces, he was in effect telling the public that packaging can be a very expensive luxury. It evidently does come high, when an average family pays about 200 dollars a year for bottles, cans, boxes, jars and other containers, most of which can't be used for any thing but stuffing in to the garbage can.

？You will hear a talk presented by a reporter. This talk is about deceptive packing.

？For each question 23—30 mark one letter (A, B or C) for the correct answer.

？After you have listened once, replay the recording.

Consumers are concerned about the changes in the package size, mainly because ______.

A．they hate to see any changes in things they are familiar with

B．the unit price for a product often rises as a result

C．they have to pay for the cost of changing package sizes

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第3题

It is said that the public and Congressional concern about deceptive packaging rumpus star
ted because Senator Hart discovered that the boxes of cereals consumed by him, Mrs. Hart, and their children were becoming higher and narrower, with a decline of net weight from 12 to 10.5 ounces, without any reduction in price. There were still twelve biscuits, but they had been reduced in size. Later, the Senator rightly complained of a store-bought pie in a handsomely illustrated hex that pictured, in a single slice, almost as many cherries as there were in the whole pie.

The manufacturer who increases the unit price of his product by changing his package size to lower the quantity delivered can, without undue hardship, put his product into boxes, hags, and tins that will contain even 4-ounce, 8 ounce, one-pound, two-pound quantities of break fast foods, cake mixes, etc. A study of drugstore and supermarket shelves will convince any observer that all possible sizes and shapes of boxes, jars, bottles, and tins are in use at the same time, and, as the package journals show, week by week, there is never any hesitation in introducing a new size and shape of box or bottle when it aids in product differentiation. The producers of packaged products argue strongly against changing sizes of packages to contain even weights and volumes, but no one in the trade comments unfavorably on the huge costs incurred by end less changes of package sizes, materials, shape, art work, and net weights that are used for improving a product's market position.

When a packaging expert explained that he was able to multiply the price of hard sweets by 2.5, from $ 1 to $2.50 by changing to a fancy jar, or that he had made a 5-ounce bottle look as though it held 8 ounces, he was in effect telling the public that packaging can be a very ex pensive luxury, h evidently does come high, when an average family pays about $ 200 a year for bottles, cans, boxes, jars and other containers, most of which can't be used for anything but stuffing the garbage can.

What started the public and Congressional concern about deceptive packaging rumpus'？

A．Consumers' complaints about the changes in package size.

B．Expensive packaging for poor quality products.

C．A senator's discovery of the tricks in packaging.

D．The rise in the unit price for many products.

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第4题

It is said that the public and Congressional concern about deceptive （欺骗性的) packaging

It is said that the public and Congressional concern about deceptive (欺骗性的) packaging rumpus (喧嚣)started because Senator Hart discovered that the boxes of cereals consumed by him, Mrs. Hart, and their children were becoming higher and narrower, with a decline of net weight from 12 to 10.5 ounces, without any reduction in price. There were still twelve biscuits, but they had been reduced in size. Later, the Senator rightly complained of a store-bought pie in a handsomely illustrated box that pictured, in a single slice, almost as many cherries as there were in the whole pie.

The manufacturer who increases the unit price of his product by changing his package size to lower the quantity delivered can, without undue hardship, put his product into boxes, bags, and tins that will contain even 4-ounce, 8-ounce, one-pound, two-pound quantities of breakfast foods, cake mixes, etc. A study of drugstore (杂货店) and supermarket shelves will convince any observer that all possible sizes and shapes of boxes, jars, bottles, and tins are in use at the same time, and, as the package journals show, week by week, there is never any hesitation in introducing a new size and shape of box or bottle when it aids in product differentiation. The producers of packaged products argue strongly again st changing sizes of packages to contain even weights and volumes, but no one in the trade comments unfavorably on the huge costs incurred by endless changes of package sizes, materials, shape, art work, and net weights that are used for improving a product's market position.

When a packaging expert explained that he was able to multiply the price of hard sweets by 2.5, from $1 to $ 2.50 by changing to a fancy jar, or that he had made a 5-ounce bottle look as though it held 8 ounces, he was in effect telling the public that packaging can be a very expensive luxury. It evidently does come high, when an average family pays about $ 200 a year for bottles, cans, boxes, jars and other containers, most of which can’t be used for anything but stuffing the garbage can.

What started the public and Congressional concern about deceptive packaging rumpus？

A．Consumers' complaints about the changes in package size.

B．Expensive packaging for poor quality products.

C．A senator’s discovery of the tricks in packaging.

D．The rise in the unit price for many products.

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